Anatomy and Physiology Jeopardy

This longest and strongest bone in the human body extends from the hip to the knee.

What is the femur?

This type of muscle tissue is striated, voluntary, and attached to bone by tendons.

What is skeletal muscle?

This type of joint, found at the shoulder and hip, allows movement in nearly every direction.

What is a ball-and-socket joint?

This process of bone tissue breakdown and formation is carried out by osteoclasts and osteoblasts respectively.

What is bone remodeling?

This protein filament, which slides past actin to shorten a muscle fiber during contraction, forms the thick filaments of a sarcomere.

What is myosin?

This muscular organ pumps blood through the circulatory system via rhythmic contractions.

What is the heart?

This blood cell type, lacking a nucleus in its mature form, carries oxygen using hemoglobin.

What is a red blood cell?

This upper chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs.

What is the left atrium?

This node, located in the right atrium, generates the electrical impulse that sets the heart's natural pace.

What is the sinoatrial node?

This straw-colored fluid component of blood carries proteins, nutrients, and clotting factors once the cells are removed.

What is plasma?

This dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs contracts and flattens to draw air into the chest cavity.

What is the diaphragm?

These tiny grape-like air sacs at the end of the bronchioles are the site of gas exchange in the lungs.

What are alveoli?

This tube-shaped passage, also called the windpipe, carries air between the larynx and the bronchi.

What is the trachea?

This respiratory pigment protein in red blood cells binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it in the tissues.

What is hemoglobin?

This brainstem structure primarily regulates the automatic rhythm of breathing.

What is the medulla oblongata?

This division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.

What is the central nervous system?

This largest part of the human brain is responsible for higher functions such as reasoning, memory, and voluntary movement.

What is the cerebrum?

This brain structure, located at the back of the skull beneath the cerebrum, coordinates balance and fine motor movement.

What is the cerebellum?

This gap between two neurons, across which neurotransmitters diffuse, transmits a nerve impulse from one cell to the next.

What is a synapse?

This cranial nerve, the tenth, regulates parasympathetic activity in the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.

What is the vagus nerve?

This muscular tube connects the throat to the stomach, moving food along by peristalsis.

What is the esophagus?

This organ produces hydrochloric acid and pepsin to begin the chemical breakdown of proteins.

What is the stomach?

This accessory organ produces bile, which emulsifies fats for digestion in the small intestine.

What is the liver?

This region of the small intestine, immediately after the stomach, is where bile and pancreatic enzymes enter to continue digestion.

What is the duodenum?

This wave-like muscular contraction moves food along the digestive tract.

What is peristalsis?

This gland at the base of the brain, often called the master gland, regulates many other endocrine glands.

What is the pituitary gland?

This pancreatic hormone lowers blood glucose by promoting its uptake into cells.

What is insulin?

This kidney hormone stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.

What is erythropoietin?

This functional unit of the kidney filters blood and forms urine.

What is the nephron?

This adrenal hormone, released in response to stress, increases heart rate and mobilizes glucose for quick energy.

What is adrenaline?